The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne and the Infant Saint John the Baptist, Leonardo da Vinci (1499)
Leonardo da Vinci's "The Burlington House Cartoon" showcases the Virgin Mary seated upon her mother Saint Anne's lap, her gaze directed at the lively Christ Child. Saint Anne, with her profound, deep-set eyes, looks earnestly at Mary while gesturing skyward, signifying the child's divine nature. Saint John the Baptist, the cousin of Christ, is depicted nestled against Anne's lap, enjoying the playful touch of the baby Christ on his chin.
This piece is a cartoon, which is an extensive sketch crafted as a preparatory work for a painting. It is famously referred to as 'The Burlington House Cartoon' and stands as the sole remaining large-scale drawing attributed to Leonardo.
The drawing exhibits a striking use of chiaroscuro—dense shading juxtaposed with lighter sections—to create a sense of depth, particularly noticeable in the facial features and the drapery, such as the Virgin's sleeve and the folds covering Saint Anne's knees. In contrast, other parts like the women's headdresses, feet, and Saint Anne's hand are merely outlined, emphasizing the varied textural details throughout the work.
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