The village of Bergen arose around a chapel on the site of the present Ruïnekerk. After the Miracle of Bergen in 1422, the chapel was replaced by a single-aisle; later it was enlarged to a three-aisle hall church, dedicated to the apostles Peter and Paul, to receive the many pilgrims. At the time it was one of the largest churches in Holland.
On 21 February 1574, during the Eighty Years' War, the church was looted and burnt down by the Beggars led by Diederik Sonoy. A large part of the church, including the tower, was lost. In the period up to 1597 the choir of the ruined church was rebuilt. In 1594 a part was finished; this date was applied to a beam above the pulpit. After the reformation the Ruïnekerk was used as a Protestant church.
There was heavy fighting around the church during the Battle of Bergen in 1799. The many bullet holes and holes in the church are reminders of this.
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