Merkjárfoss, also known as the Gluggafoss, is about 53 m high and falls from a cliff whose upper part is made of tuff and the lower part of basalt. This cliff was part of the Icelandic coast after the last ice age.
The waterfall falls down in two steps, the upper part collapses from 45 meters into a narrow recess. Then the water spreads out over a wide ledge and falls down in several streams about 8 meters.
The Merkjá river, in which this waterfall lies, has formed tunnels and grooves in the tuff, creating a series of 'windows' (views) in the tunnels. Hence the name Gluggafoss (window waterfall).
At the top of the waterfall the river flows under a stone arch.
Because the rock is quite porous, the waterfall constantly changes over time.
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